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A brief description about diabetes and its symptoms

For many years, diabetes was and is a top disease in many countries of the world, especially the developing and developed ones. About 20 million Americans have diabetes, plus another 40 million afflicted with an early form of Type 2 diabetes, prediabetes. Once food is digested, its nutrients come into the bloodstream as glucose or blood sugar, and is moved by the insulin from the pancreas to the muscles, fat and liver for use as energy. Diabetes occurs when the pancreas does not make enough insulin, the liver, muscles and fat do not use insulin the normal way, or a combination of both.

The disease is classified into two forms with an additional type for women. Type 1 affects the individual from childhood, though most are diagnosed only when they are aged about 20 years old. For this type there is less or no insulin produced by the pancreas so that insulin injections are required everyday. No cause has been pinpointed, but genetics is thought to play a major role.

The most prevalent, however, is Type 2, or adult onset, diabetes which is also beginning to afflict younger individuals. Here the body fails to produce sufficient insulin to regulate blood sugar, so that maintenance medicine is often required. Many type 2 diabetics do not know they are affected. Then there is gestational diabetes that occurs only in pregnant or lactating women. Usually transitory, it opens the individual to higher risks of contracting Type 2 diabetes.

Indicators

Type 1 diabetes manifests in a short time and is mostly diagnosed during an emergency situation, the symptoms normally mistaken for that of other illnesses. They include fatigue, inordinate thirst and urination, vomiting and nausea and decrease in weight despite good eating. Additionally, Type 2 diabetics could experience blurred vision as well as numb toes or feet. However, this type develops so gradually many diabetics do not feel any symptoms until complications arise, because diabetes damage the blood vessels and nerves as well as the autoimmunity capabilities.

Diet for diabetics

If you are a diabetic, you should collaborate with your doctor and dietitian in the amounts of fat, protein and carbohydrates you must eat to control your levels of glucose. In general, however, your diet should be low fat and low in carbohydrates, since both contribute much to the production of blood sugar. The Diabetes Food Pyramid lists food groups based on their carbohydrates and protein content, and diabetics should ingest more of the groups in the bottom part.

Grains, vegetables, whole fruits are the best foods for diabetic persons, particularly those high in fiber. Juices or yogurt that contain sugar or syrup should be avoided, and whole fruits, nonfat or low-fat milk be eaten instead. No hamburgers, cheese, butter, bacon. Limit alcohol intake and take it with meals after determining with your health care provider the appropriate amounts.

Fish and poultry are recommended, though the skin of chicken and turkeys should be removed first. They contain much cholesterol. Lean cuts of wild game, veal, pork or beef are suggested, all the fatty parts trimmed off. No frying as much as possible; broiling, baking, grilling or roasting instead.

Diabetes can be controlled. What is necessary is merely control over one’s cravings for food and eating the correct diet.

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